英语四级句型语法大全？英语四级语法涵盖了多个重要方面，包括虚拟语气、谓语一致、倒装结构、非谓语动词、独立主格结构、时态和名词性从句等。虚拟语气强调说话人的主观愿望和假想情况，考生应特别注意能引起虚拟语气的介词、介词短语和连词，如lest、in case、otherwise等。在would rather、wish、as if、那么，英语四级句型语法大全？一起来了解一下吧。
Ⅰ动词(时态,语态,用法,省略,一致性等)
时
1)现在完成进行时态 (have/has been + -ing 分词构成): 动作或状态从过去某时开始,继续到现在,可能继续下去,也可能刚刚结束.
I’ve been writing letters for an hour.
I’ve been sitting in the garden.
2)过去完成进行时(由had been + ing分词构成): 过去某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作
I’d been working for some time when he called.
We had been waiting for her for two hours by the time she came.
3)将来完成进行时: 将来某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作.
By next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years.
In another month’s time she’ll have been studying here for three years.
4)将来完成时(由shall/will have + 过去分词构成): 将来某时会业已发生的事.
I shall have finished this one before lunch.
They’ll have hit the year’s target by the end of October.
1. 语态
1) 可以有两种被动结构的类型,例如:
He was said to be jealous of her success.
It was said that he was jealous of her success.
能同时适用于上述两个句型的主动词通常都是表示“估计”,“相信”等意义的动词,常见的有assume,believe,expect,fear,feel,know,presume,report,say,suppose,understand等.
It is supposed that the ship has been sunk.
The ship is supposed to have been sunk.
担当be supposed to 与不定式的一般形式搭配时往往表示不同的意义.例如:
Why are you driving so fast in this area? You are supposed to know the speed to know the speed limit. (你应该晓得速度限制)
2) 双宾语及宾补结构的被动语态
a) 双宾语结构的被动语态: 双宾语结构变为被动语态时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一个宾语仍然保留在谓语后面,但多数是把间接宾语变为主语.
He was asked a number of questions at the press conference.
Two days were allowed them for making the necessary preparations.
b) 宾补结构的被动语态:
She was called Big Sister by everybody.
Then he was made a squad leader.
He was considered quite qualified for the job.
The room was always kept clean and tidy.
2. 短语动词
1) Vi + adv
The plane took off two hours late.
2) Vi + prep
They looked round the Cathedral.
3) Vi + prep (有被动语态)
She’s looking after her sister’s children.
The children were always well looked after.
4) Vi + adv + prep
I began to look forward to their visits.
5) Vt + O + adv
Some women choose to stay at home and bring up their children.
The children were brought up by their mother.
They took him on.
6) Vt + adv + O (无被动语态)
I am trying to give up smoking.
7) Vt + O + prep
We talked Donald into agreement.
3. 省略
1) 在以as, than, when, if, unless等引导的从句中的省略: 在有些状语从句中,如果谓语包含有动词be,主语又和主句的主语一致a),或者主语是it b),就常常可以把从句中的主语和谓语的一部分(特别是动词be)省略掉.
a) Look out for cars when crossing the street.
When taken according to the directions, the drug has no side effects.
While there he joined in voluntary labour on a project.
Although not yet six months old, she was able to walk without support.
If not well managed, irrigation can be harmful.
Though reduced in numbers, they gained in fighting capacity.
This viewpoint, however understandable, is wrong.
Enemies, once discovered, were tightly encircled and completely wiped out.
She hurriedly left the room as though/if angry.
She worked extremely hard though still rather poor in health.
Fill in the application as instructed.
Whenever known, such facts should be reported.
The documents will be returned as soon as signed.
He said that no acrobat could ever perform those daring feats unless trained very young.
Once having made a promise, you should keep it.
b) If necessary I’ll have the letter duplicated.
Fill in the blanks with articles where(ver) necessary.
If possible, I should like to have two copies of it.
As scheduled, they met on January 20 at the Chinese Embassy.
2） 在以than a) 或 as b) 引起的从句中,常会有一些成分省略.
a) He told me not to use more material than (it is) necessary.
We should think more of the collective than of ourselves.
b) They worked with as much enthusiasm as young people (did).
He is now a vice-manager, but still often works in the kitchen as before.
Their training is free, as is all education.
We will, as always, stand on your side.
3） 错误的省略
His life is as fully committed to books as anyone I know.
While standing there in her nightgown, two bullets struck the wall beside her.
英语中虚拟语气的用法很多。在英语教学的过程中，我们常常发现有些学生对各种虚拟语气结构中的动词是用现在虚拟式还是过去虚拟式分辨不清，下面我就这个问题作一一说明。
1．表示有可能实现的意愿的虚拟结构中，动词常用现在虚拟式：
（1）Itis+adj+that+Sb+do/be+Sth
该结构中的主语从句表示说话人的意愿或主观态度，结构中的形容词用来表现说者的意愿趋向,从句中的动词应用现在虚拟式。可用于该结构中的形容词包括advisable,appropriate,crucial,desirable,essential,fitting,imperative（必要的）,important,impossible,natural,necessary,obligatory（必须）,preferable（更好的）,proper,sad,strange,surprising,vital（至关重要的）等。
如：Itisnecessarythatthecarbecheckedthoroughly.
Itwasimportantthatshehaveconfidenceinherself.
（2）S1+v+thatS2+doSth
在带有宾语从句的英语句子中，如主句中的谓语动词表示以下有可能实现的意愿时，从句中的动词应用现在虚拟式：
要求:ask,beg,demand,insist,request,require,
建议:advise,advocate,propose,recommend,suggest
命令:command,direct（命令,decree（裁决）instruct,move,order,urge,stipulate。
有关大学英语四级常用的语法精选
大学英语四级常用语法精选(12)
Ⅴ 连词
并列连词
表示意义的引申: and, both…and, not only…but(also), as well as, and …as well, neither…nor
表示选择: or, either…or
表示转折: but, while, whereas, yet, however/nevertheless(也可认为是副词)
表示因果: for, so, therefore, hence
从属连词
表示时间: when, while, as, after, before, since, until(till), as soon as, once
表示原因: because, as, since, now that, seeing that
表示条件: if, unless, in case, provided(that), suppose, as long as, on condition (that),
表示其他关系: (al)though, than, as/so…as, lest, in order that, so…that
Ⅵ 定语从句
限制和非限制性定语从句: 限制性定语从句是名词词组不可缺少的一个组成部分, 去掉了会造成病句或意义不明确; 非限制性定语从句属于补充说明性质, 去掉了不会影响主要意义, 通常用逗号与它的先行词分开.
The boys who wanted to play football were disappointed when it rained.
The boys, who wanted to play football, were disappointed when it rained.
如果定语从句的先行词是专有名词, 或是带有形容词性物主代词(my, his, etc)或形容词性指示代词(this, that, etc)作限定词, 其后的定语从句通常都是非限制性的:
Mary Smith, who is in the corner, wants to meet you.
Her mother, who had long suffered form arthritis, died last night.
All these books, which have been donated by visiting professors, are to be used by the postgraduates.
在非限制性定语从句中只能用who/whom指人, 用which指物,通常不用that替代.
My father, who had been on a visit to America, returned yesterday.
All the books, which had pictures in them, were sent to the little girl.
定语从句的引导词
that, who, whom: 非限制性定语从句, 如果修饰人, 一般用who, 有时用that (作主语时用who较多). 如果关系代词在从句中作宾语, 就应当用宾格 whom 或that, 但在大多数情况下都可以省略掉, 在口语中可用who代替whom.
Here is the man (whom) you've been looking for.
He is a man (that) you can safely depend on.
The people (who/that) you were talking to were Swedes.
There are some people here who I want you to meet.
但在介词后只能用whom:
This is the man to whom I referred.
但在口语中一般都把介词放到句子后面去, 这时可用that, 但省略时更多一些.
Have you met the person about whom he was speaking?
Have you met the person (that) he was speaking about
The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin.
The girl (who/that) I spoke to is my cousin.
限制性定语从句如果修饰“物”, 用关系代词that的时候较多, 也有时用which.. 当这个代词在从句中是用作宾语时, 在绝大多数情况下都是省略的, 特别是口语中(尤其是当被修饰的词是all, everything等词时):
Have you everything you need?
(Is there) anything I can do for you?
All you have to do is to press the button.
2016年大学英语四级语法指导(4)
1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.
A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected
watch 看电视用，看比赛用; see 看电影用;
感官动词watch， see， hear; 感官动词 + 名词(代词)+ do
be erected 强调的是动作的结果; being erected 强调的是动作的过程。
英语四级语法知识：不定冠词的用法
冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种，一种是定冠词(the Definite Article)，另一种是不定冠词(the Indefinite Article)，还有一种是零冠词(Zero Article)。
不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源，是"一个"的意思。a用于辅音音素前，一般读作[e]，而an则用于元音音素前，一般读做[en]。
1) 表示"一个"，意为one;指某人或某物，意为a certain。
A Mr. Ling is waiting for you.
2) 代表一类人或物。
A knife is a tool for cutting with.
Mr. Smith is an engineer.
3) 词组或成语。
a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden
英语四级语法知识：定冠词的用法
定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有"那(这)个"的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。
英语四级语法涵盖了多个重要方面，包括虚拟语气、谓语一致、倒装结构、非谓语动词、独立主格结构、时态和名词性从句等。虚拟语气强调说话人的主观愿望和假想情况，考生应特别注意能引起虚拟语气的介词、介词短语和连词，如lest、in case、otherwise等。在would rather、wish、as if、it is time that等句型中，需用适当形式表达主观愿望，同时关注混合虚拟句的使用。
谓语一致方面，灵活度较高，考生需根据实际情况判定谓语动词的单复数形式。具有生命意义的集合名词作主语时，谓语动词多采用复数形式，如people、poultry、militia等。用and连接的成分表示单一概念时，谓语动词用单数。就近原则也需掌握，主语中含有某些连词如as well as、besides、in addition to时，谓语动词的数同第一个主语保持一致。
倒装结构用于强调或突出，分为全部倒装和部分倒装。部分倒装和全部倒装的区别在于，部分倒装是将助动词或情态动词移到主语之前，而全部倒装则是将整个谓语移到主语之前。as在倒装结构中表示“正如”或“仿佛”，具有连接作用。
非谓语动词是语法考试中的重点，解题时可从三个方面入手：根据非谓语动词同其所修饰的名词或逻辑主语的一致关系，确定使用主动语态或被动语态，然后考虑采用现在分词、现在分词被动式或过去分词。
以上就是英语四级句型语法大全的全部内容，英语四级重点语法知识：倒装句 在有些情况下，句子中的谓语处于主语之前，这种情况被称作主谓倒装。倒装分为全部倒装和部分倒装两种。在全部倒装的句子里，整个谓语都放在主语之前，如：incomeabeautifulgirl。部分倒装句则只是谓语中的一部分放在主语前面，其他的则仍放在主语之后。内容来源于互联网，信息真伪需自行辨别。如有侵权请联系删除。
